Rozita Miri
The Persian word (Baladiyeh) is the old name of municipality and in Dehkhoda Dictionary is used to mean" an establishment in any city which kept the city clean and handle food, water and fuel.''
Before the establishing of the Baladiyeh, all people in each city implemented public utility based on individual beliefs and religious customs and everyone tried to clean his house and shop. The first order of urban affairs was executed during Naser-Din Shah and established an office which was called" Ehtesabiyeh Office". The office has two branches: "ehtesab","tanzif" and a number of servitors and scavengers served there. The deputy of Ehtesabiyeh Office was the keeping and maintenance of the city cleaning which not only implemented Nazmiyeh duties, but also urban affairs considered. Many people worked in Ehtesabiyeh such as: Mahmoud Khan Kalantar, Mahmoud Khan Ehtesab-al-Molk, Cheraq-Ali khan Seraj- al- Molk, Agha Ali AShtiyani Amin Hozour, Mohammad Hassan khan Etemad-al-Saltaneh, Kont Dumont Fret, Mohammad Mirza Qajar Qovanlou, Mirza Abbas Khan Mohandes Bashi Moshaver-al- duleh…
After the Constitution Establishment, the first law municipality was built in Tehran, Sabze Meydan, by Legislative Assembly. In fact, the first of was official municipality was founded in Mozafar-al-Din Shah era and it's goal was the keeping of urban interests and the rights of people who lived in cities.
According to Municipality law, (including 108 articles which is adopted in 1907) the Head of Municipality Board undertook the municipality presidency which was elected among members, but then this office was under interior ministry, so Ebrahim Khan Yamin- o-soltan was the first chief of the Baladiyeh (from 1913 to 1920)
After the Coup of 1920, Seyyed Zia-al-Din Tabatabyi became the Ministers chief and then Baladiyeh Office sought to one of the government board and was dependent on it and the headship of this organization.
In 1300, Gasper IpeKian came to Tehran by Seyyed Zia, The chief of Baladiyeh. He accomplished the significant steps in Tehran such as: The preparation of street lighting of Amiriyeh, Lale Zar, and Istanbul... At this time, the Baladiyeh building was located to the northern part of Tupkhane square and until the early of 60s was there. In 1923, Karim Khan Bouzar Jomehari was the mayor of Tehran. He attempted to turn Tehran from old tissues to modern city but unfortunately, the Gates of Tehran were destroyed when he was mayor.
The 1930 was the important year in the history of Baladiyeh, since the Baladiyeh Act 1325 was abolished and a new law was replaced and the Baladiyeh Board encountered with new duties and concepts and the Home Office assumed the presidency of Baladiyeh.
Baladiyeh from the Qajar to the Pahlavi
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