Institute for Iranian Contemporary Historical Studies (statesmen) WWW.IICHS.ORG Dr. Mohammad Mossaddeq
Fatemeh Moezzi Mohammad Mossaddeq, son of Mirza Hedayat-tollah Vazir Daftar, was born in 1882 in He went to Following Vossoq-ud-dowleh's downfall and coming of Moshir-od-dowleh, he returned to Subsequent to Seyyed Zia's removal, he was appointed governor general of He was a deputy of the sixth term of Majlis and assisted by Seyyed Hassan Modarress continued his opposition to Reza Shah. After this term, he gave up politics and retired to Ahmad Abad and ten to He was arrested in 1940 and was exiled to Birjand and Ahmad Abad. One year later, in August 1941, following Reza Khan's downfall, he was released and elected for the 14th term of Majlis. In this Majlis alluding to and enumerating his treacheries he tried to unseat Seyyed Zia-ad-din Tabatabaee. He opposed the grant of north oil concession to the Soviets, and sponsored the oil law, prohibiting the grant of any oil concession by the prime minister or any other authority. This bill was ratified the same day and the government had no authority to grant any oil concessions. Opposition seats of this bill included Tudeh members such as Iraj Eskandari, Reza Radmanesh and … . In the fifteenth term of elections, he found out that Qavam's cabinet interfered in the elections. He took sanctuary for 4 days in the court accompanied by other deputies sharing the same views. However, it was of no use and Qavam-os-saltaneh saved his authority. In the sixth term of Majlis elections, once again he took sanctuary in the court for free elections along with other deputies of the same mind. The consequence of this move was the formation of "National front" and annulment of In 1950, lieutenant general Haj Ali Razm Ara became prime minister. National front deputies in Majlis opposed him strongly, since he was an ardent opponent of nationalization of oil industry. His assassination paved the path for the nationalists and in March 20th 1951, Majlis announced the nationalization of oil. After The nationalization of oil industry and the removal of British influence in this industry were the main priorities of his government. Against all problems, he succeeded to carry out this program and turnoff the oil taps to the British. In June 1952 Dr. Mossaddeq left for the Hague court where by the British government had presented its observations of the Anglo-Iranian oil company case. On his return, he introduced his new cabinet to the Shah. He occupied the office of ministry of war at which the Shah was dissatisfied. The Shah was unwilling to grant all powers to him. The result of this dispute was Mossaddeq's resignation. He retired himself to home, but the religious leader of the movement, Ayattollah Kashani led the affairs this time, July 21st uprising being its consequence. It was only for 4 days that Mossaddeq left his office. Qavam-os-saltaneh was not the man to compete with Mossaddeq. Simultaneous with this, Dr. Mossaddeq was again prime minister from July 22nd to August 19th. But domestic and foreign treacheries and the dispute between him and Ayatollah Kashani, paved the path for the American and the British intrigues which led to August 19th coup and fall of the motional government. He was tired after the coup and was exiled to Ahmad Ahad. He died in Najmeh hospital in 1966. |